Understanding the Digital World

Computer Science & Electrical Engineering

Understanding the Digital World: What You Need to Know about Computers, the Internet, Privacy, and Security, Second Edition

Brian W. Kernighan

A brand-new edition of the popular introductory textbook that explores how computer hardware, software, and networks work

Hardcover

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Published:: Mar 30, 2021
Copyright:: 2021
Illus:: 58 color + 60 b/w illus.

Paperback

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ISBN:
Published:: Mar 30, 2021
Copyright:: 2021
Illus:: 58 color + 60 b/w illus.

ebook (EPUB via app)

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ISBN:
Published:: Mar 30, 2021
Copyright:: 2021
Illus:: 58 color + 60 b/w illus.

ebook (PDF via app)

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Price:: ~~$35.00~~/~~拢30.00~~
ISBN:
Published:: Mar 30, 2021
Copyright:: 2021
Illus:: 58 color + 60 b/w illus.

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Computers are everywhere. Some are highly visible, in laptops, tablets, cell phones, and smart watches. But most are invisible, like those in appliances, cars, medical equipment, transportation systems, power grids, and weapons. We never see the myriad computers that quietly collect, share, and sometimes leak personal data about us. Governments and companies increasingly use computers to monitor what we do. Social networks and advertisers know more about us than we should be comfortable with. Criminals have all-too-easy access to our data. Do we truly understand the power of computers in our world?

In this updated edition of Understanding the Digital World, Brian Kernighan explains how computer hardware, software, and networks work. Topics include how computers are built and how they compute; what programming is; how the Internet and web operate; and how all of these affect security, privacy, property, and other important social, political, and economic issues. Kernighan touches on fundamental ideas from computer science and some of the inherent limitations of computers, and new sections in the book explore Python programming, big data, machine learning, and much more. Numerous color illustrations, notes on sources for further exploration, and a glossary explaining technical terms and buzzwords are included.

Understanding the Digital World is a must-read for readers of all backgrounds who want to know more about computers and communications.

Preface
Introduction
Part I: Hardware
- 1. What Is a Computer?
  - 1.1 Logical Construction
    - 1.1.1 Processor
    - 1.1.2 Primary memory
    - 1.1.3 Secondary storage
    - 1.1.4 Et cetera
  - 1.2 Physical Construction
  - 1.3 Moore鈥檚 Law
  - 1.4 Summary
- 2. Bits, Bytes, and Representation of Information
  - 2.1 Analog versus Digital
  - 2.2 Analog-Digital Conversion
    - 2.2.1 Digitizing images
    - 2.2.2 Digitizing sound
    - 2.2.3 Digitizing movies
    - 2.2.4 Digitizing text
  - 2.3 Bits, Bytes, and Binary
    - 2.3.1 Bits
    - 2.3.2 Powers of two and powers of ten
    - 2.3.3 Binary numbers
    - 2.3.4 Bytes
  - 2.4 Summary
- 3. Inside the Processor
  - 3.1 The Toy Computer
    - 3.1.1 The first Toy program
    - 3.1.2 The second Toy program
    - 3.1.3 Branch instructions
    - 3.1.4 Representation in memory
  - 3.2 Real Processors
  - 3.3 Caching
  - 3.4 Other Kinds of Computers
  - 3.5 Summary
- Wrap-up on Hardware
Part II: Software
- 4. Algorithms
  - 4.1 Linear Algorithms
  - 4.2 Binary Search
  - 4.3 Sorting
  - 4.4 Hard Problems and Complexity
  - 4.5 Summary
- 5. Programming and Programming Languages
  - 5.1 Assembly Language
  - 5.2 High-Level Languages
  - 5.3 Software Development
    - 5.3.1 Libraries, interfaces, and development kits
    - 5.3.2 Bugs
  - 5.4 Intellectual Property
    - 5.4.1 Trade secret
    - 5.4.2 Trademark
    - 5.4.3 Copyright
    - 5.4.4 Patent
    - 5.4.5 Licenses
  - 5.5 Standards
  - 5.6 Open Source Software
  - 5.7 Summary
- 6. Software Systems
  - 6.1 Operating Systems
  - 6.2 How an Operating System Works
    - 6.2.1 System calls
    - 6.2.2 Device drivers
  - 6.3 Other Operating Systems
  - 6.4 File Systems
    - 6.4.1 Secondary storage file systems
    - 6.4.2 Removing files
    - 6.4.3 Other file systems
  - 6.5 Applications
  - 6.6 Layers of Software
  - 6.7 Summary
- 7. Learning to Program
  - 7.1 Programming Language Concepts
  - 7.2 A First JavaScript Program
  - 7.3 A Second JavaScript Program
  - 7.4 Loops and Conditionals
  - 7.5 JavaScript Libraries and Interfaces
  - 7.6 How JavaScript Works
  - 7.7 A First Python Program
  - 7.8 A Second Python Program
  - 7.9 Python Libraries and Interfaces
  - 7.10 How Python Works
  - 7.11 Summary
- Wrap-up on Software
Part III: Communications
- 8. Networks
  - 8.1 Telephones and Modems
  - 8.2 Cable and DSL
  - 8.3 Local Area Networks and Ethernet
  - 8.4 Wireless
  - 8.5 Cell Phones
  - 8.6 Bandwidth
  - 8.7 Compression
  - 8.8 Error Detection and Correction
  - 8.9 Summary
- 9. The Internet
  - 9.1 An Internet Overview
  - 9.2 Domain Names and Addresses
    - 9.2.1 Domain Name System
    - 9.2.2 IP addresses
    - 9.2.3 Root servers
    - 9.2.4 Registering your own domain
  - 9.3 Routing
  - 9.4 TCP/IP Protocols
    - 9.4.1 IP, the Internet Protocol
    - 9.4.2 TCP, the Transmission Control Protocol
  - 9.5 Higher-Level Protocols
    - 9.5.1 Telnet and SSH: remote login
    - 9.5.2 SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
    - 9.5.3 File sharing and peer-to-peer protocols
  - 9.6 Copyright on the Internet
  - 9.7 The Internet of Things
  - 9.8 Summary
- 10. The World Wide Web
  - 10.1 How the Web Works
  - 10.2 HTML
  - 10.3 Cookies
  - 10.4 Active Content in Web Pages
  - 10.5 Active Content Elsewhere
  - 10.6 Viruses, Worms and Trojan Horses
  - 10.7 Web Security
    - 10.7.1 Attacks on clients
    - 10.7.2 Attacks on servers
    - 10.7.3 Attacks on information in transit
  - 10.8 Defending Yourself
  - 10.9 Summary
Part IV: Data
- 11. Data and Information
  - 11.1 Search
  - 11.2 Tracking
  - 11.3 Social Networks
  - 11.4 Data Mining and Aggregation
  - 11.5 Cloud Computing
  - 11.6 Summary
- 12. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
  - 12.1 Historical Background
  - 12.2 Classical Machine Learning
  - 12.3 Neural Networks and Deep Learning
  - 12.4 Natural Language Processing
  - 12.5 Summary
- 13. Privacy and Security
  - 13.1 Cryptography
    - 13.1.1 Secret-key cryptography
    - 13.1.2 Public-key cryptography
  - 13.2 Anonymity
    - 13.2.1 Tor and the Tor Browser
    - 13.2.2 Bitcoin
  - 13.3 Summary
- 14. What Comes Next?
Notes
Glossary
Index

"Highly recommended."鈥擨an Bruntlett, ACCU

"This is the clearest and simplest explanation of the world we now all depend on鈥攈ow it works and why it does what it does鈥攆rom one of our best-known inventors. Everyone on Earth needs to read it."鈥擡ric Schmidt, former executive chairman of Alphabet Inc. and Google

鈥淸Kernighan's] credentials as a computer scientist are stellar but what comes through in this book is a humanitarian concern about the place of technology in the modern world. . . . The grounding [the book] provides in the fundamentals of computing and how the technology interacts with our lives will remain relevant for a very long time.鈥濃€擲teve Mansfield-Devine, Network Security

"This book takes the mystery out of computers and the Internet, and everyone can learn from it. With a friendly and accessible style, Kernighan connects what is happening inside machines to the news of the day and developments about the digital world."鈥擧arry Lewis, coauthor of Blown to Bits: Your Life, Liberty, and Happiness after the Digital Explosion

"Kernighan tells us exactly what we need to know about computers and computer science, focusing on ideas that are useful and interesting for everyday computer users. He covers a fascinating range of topics, including fundamentals such as computer hardware, programming, algorithms, and networks, as well as politically charged issues related to government surveillance, privacy, and Internet neutrality."鈥擩ohn MacCormick, Dickinson College

"Understanding the Digital World provides a broad overview of computers and electronic communications for a general audience. The book flows smoothly from topic to topic, and readers from diverse backgrounds will find it accessible."鈥擝ryan Respass, Bergen County Academies

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Understanding the Digital World

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