Tectonic Geodynamics
A comprehensive, integrative approach to tectonics and geodynamics for students and researchers


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- 2025
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- 8 x 10 in.
- Illus:
- 451 color illus. 11 tables.
ebook (EPUB via app)
- Price:
- $100.00/拢84.00
- ISBN:
- Published:
- Nov 11, 2025
- Copyright:
- 2025
- Pages:
- 872
- Size:
- 8 x 10 in.
- Illus:
- 451 color illus. 11 tables.
ebook (PDF via app)
- Price:
- $100.00/拢84.00
- ISBN:
- Published:
- Nov 11, 2025
- Copyright:
- 2025
- Pages:
- 872
- Size:
- 8 x 10 in.
- Illus:
- 451 color illus. 11 tables.
Over the past half century, major achievements have been made in the study of Earth鈥檚 surface structure and kinematics and the internal dynamics of the lithosphere and mantle. Many of these advances have relied on the integration of data and models from plate tectonics and geodynamics, yet traditional divisions persist in how these two disciplines are taught and practiced. This textbook bridges the gap, connecting geophysical and geological approaches to understand the physical processes that shape our planet鈥檚 evolution, from mantle convection to orogeny and earthquakes. An innovative approach to the solid Earth system, Tectonic Geodynamics provides a basis to explore the fundamental connections between the planet鈥檚 deep interior dynamics and the surface.
- The first textbook to integrate tectonics, structural geology, geodynamics, geodesy, and seismology in a single volume
- Offers a physics-focused guide for understanding how the solid Earth system operates
- Uses a 鈥渘o prerequisites鈥 approach supported by an extensive appendix that includes a calculus and linear algebra primer and coverage of key topics such as coordinate systems and spectral analysis
- Includes a wealth of exercises and end-of-chapter review questions
- An ideal textbook for advanced undergraduates and graduate students in geology, geophysics, and related fields such as physics and engineering
- Invaluable for self-study and as a self-contained resource for researchers
- Supporting materials provided for instructors, including an instruction guide, full-color illustration package, and sample syllabi
- Introduction
- I Introduction to the Solid Earth System
- 1 AN EXPLORATION OF BASIC SOLID EARTH STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS
- 1.1 Topography
- 1.1.1 Isostasy
- 1.2 Geopotentials: Shape, spin, and geoid
- 1.2.1 Gravitational potential
- Expanded details 1: Moments of inertia and geopotentials of an ellipsoidal Earth
- 1.2.2 Reference geoid, spin, and the Earth-Moon system
- 1.2.3 Geoid and gravity anomalies
- Expanded details 2: Geoid, spherical harmonics, and gravity anomalies
- 1.3 Internal structure, temperature, and composition of Earth
- 1.3.1 1-D structure of Earth as seen from seismology
- 1.3.2 Pressure and mass within the Earth
- 1.3.3 Complexities in the 1-D model
- 1.3.3.1 The lithosphere and its topography
- 1.3.3.2 The asthenosphere
- 1.3.4 Thermal background state of the mantle
- Expanded details 3: Thermodynamics of the adiabatic mantle temperature gradient
- 1.3.5 Composition and mantle phase transitions
- 1.4 Plate motions in the past and at present
- 1.4.1 Sea铿俹or spreading and sea铿俹or age
- Expanded details 4: Rikitake dynamo, magnetic 铿乪ld creation, and chaos
- 1.4.2 Current plate motions
- 1.4.2.1 Absolute reference frames and net rotation
- 1.4.2.2 Poloidal and toroidal 铿俹w
- 1.4.3 Plate motion reconstructions
- 1.5 Seismic tomography鈥3-D mantle structure
- Review questions and discussion topics 1
- 1.1 Topography
- II Fundamental Physics
- 2 CONTINUUM MECHANICS
- 2.1 Concept of a continuum
- 2.2 Displacements, velocities, and reference frames
- 2.2.1 Reference frames for considering continued deformation
- 2.2.1.1 Lagrangian reference frame
- 2.2.1.2 Eulerian reference frame
- 2.2.1 Reference frames for considering continued deformation
- 2.3 Strain
- 2.3.1 Displacement gradient tensor
- 2.3.2 Strain rates
- 2.3.3 Finite strain
- 2.4 Forces and stress
- 2.4.1 Sign convention for stress
- 2.4.2 Cauchy stress tensor
- 2.4.3 Static force equilibrium and stress tensor symmetry
- 2.4.4 Principal axes of the stress tensor
- 2.4.5 Pressure and deviatoric stress
- Expanded details 5: Tensor invariants and measures of stress
- 2.4.6 Stress in two dimensions
- 2.4.7 Pure shear and simple shear
- 2.4.8 Continuity of stress tensor components
- Exercise 1: Strain, strain rates, and stress
- 2.5 Constraining crustal deformation and stress
- 2.5.1 Moment tensors and the gCMT catalog
- Expanded details 6: Non-double-couple moment tensor deformation
- 2.5.2 Seismic coupling and seismotectonics
- 2.5.3 Crustal strain-rate 铿乪lds from geodesy
- 2.5.4 Constraints on stress within the lithosphere
- 2.5.5 Stress vs. strain from focal mechanisms
- Review questions and discussion topics 2
- 3 ELASTIC AND BRITTLE BEHAVIOR OF ROCKS
- 3.1 Constitutive laws
- 3.2 Elasticity
- 3.2.1 2-D elasticity, plane strain/stress
- Expanded details 7: Isotropic and anisotropic elasticity
- Exercise 2: Stresses in the lithosphere
- 3.2.2 Elastic 铿俥xure
- 3.2.2.1 Flexural pro铿乴es
- 3.2.2.2 Flexural vs. isostatic compensation
- 3.2.2.3 Gravity-topography ratios
- 3.3 Brittle failure
- 3.3.1 Fracturing and faulting
- 3.3.1.1 Gri铿僼h criterion and linear elastic fracture mechanics
- 3.3.2 Mohr-Coulomb failure and friction
- 3.3.2.1 Byerlee鈥檚 rule (or 鈥渓aw鈥)
- 3.3.2.2 Mohr鈥檚 circle
- Exercise 3: Byerlee鈥檚 law applied to the lithosphere
- 3.3.2.3 Gri铿僼h cracks and 铿倁id e铿ects
- 3.3.2.4 Shear cracks
- 3.3.3 Fault zone structure
- 3.3.1 Fracturing and faulting
- 3.4 Earthquakes and friction
- 3.4.1 Earthquake statistics
- 3.4.1.1 Frequency-magnitude (Gutenberg-Richter) relationship
- 3.4.1.2 Clustering: Omori鈥檚 and B氓th鈥檚 laws
- 3.4.1.3 Some implications of clustered seismicity
- 3.4.2 Static and dynamic friction and the seismic cycle
- 3.4.2.1 Elastic rebound and stick-slip cycles
- 3.4.2.2 How regular are large earthquakes?
- 3.4.2.3 Earthquake predictability
- 3.4.3 Modeling and constraining coseismic deformation
- 3.4.3.1 Screw dislocation in an elastic half space
- 3.4.3.2 Postseismic relaxation in a con铿乶ed depth region
- 3.4.3.3 Fault solution for two elastic layers
- 3.4.3.4 Dislocation models for 铿乶ite faults
- 3.4.3.5 Tectonic space geodesy
- 3.4.4 Earthquake source mechanics
- 3.4.4.1 Constant stress drop scalings
- Expanded details 8: Rupture dynamics energy considerations and stress drop
- 3.4.5 Rate and state friction as a constitutive law
- Expanded details 9: Physical processes behind rate-state friction
- 3.4.5.1 Stability and limit cycles of an RSF spring slider
- Expanded details 10: Numerical implementation of rate-state friction equations
- 3.4.5.2 Frictional stability in the lab and in nature
- 3.4.5.3 Complex seismic cycles on simple faults
- 3.4.6 Fault strength, stress, and heterogeneity
- 3.4.1 Earthquake statistics
- Review questions and discussion topics 3
- 4 VISCOUS, PLASTIC, AND TRANSIENT BEHAVIOR
- 4.1 Newtonian 铿倁ids
- 4.1.1 Bulk viscosity and partial melting
- 4.1.2 Viscous dissipation
- 4.2 Non-Newtonian 铿倁ids
- 4.2.1 Work hardening and work softening
- 4.2.2 Plastic behavior
- 4.2.2.1 Von Mises yield criterion
- 4.2.2.2 Drucker-Prager criterion
- 4.2.3 Strain and strain-rate-dependent weakening
- 4.3 Combined material behavior and transient viscoelasticity
- 4.3.1 Bingham viscoplasticity
- 4.3.2 Two viscous dashpots in series
- 4.3.3 Viscoelastic behavior: The Maxwell body
- Expanded details 11: Derivation of the viscoelastic Maxwell body response
- Expanded details 12: Other viscoelastic transient models
- 4.4 Attenuation and frequency-dependent moduli
- 4.4.1 Attenuation for the standard linear solid
- 4.4.2 Q within the Earth
- 4.4.3 Temperature derivatives of seismic velocities
- 4.5 Transient deformation throughout the seismic cycle
- 4.5.1 Relaxation of an elastic plate over a viscous layer
- 4.5.2 Dislocation solution for a viscoelastic half-space
- 4.5.3 Earthquake cycle solution for a viscoelastic half-space
- 4.5.4 Postseismic response after earthquakes
- Review questions and discussion topics 4
- 4.1 Newtonian 铿倁ids
- 5 LITHOSPHERIC STRENGTH FROM COMPLEX ROCK RHEOLOGY
- 5.1 Microphysical mechanisms for viscous creep
- 5.1.1 Pressure solution
- 5.1.2 Temperature dependence: The Arrhenius law
- 5.1.3 Di铿usion creep
- 5.1.4 Dislocation creep
- 5.1.5 Mapping ductile crustal deformation
- 5.1.6 Laboratory-derived creep laws
- 5.1.7 Peierls creep/plasticity
- Expanded details 13: Fugacity and volatile concentration
- Exercise 4: Laboratory-derived creep laws
- 5.2 Piezometers and grain size evolution
- Expanded details 14: Grain size evolution laws
- 5.3 Averaging of heterogeneous media
- 5.3.1 Harmonic (weak) mean
- 5.3.2 Arithmetic (strong) mean
- 5.3.3 Geometric (intermediate) mean
- 5.3.4 Self-consistent averaging
- 5.4 Deformation maps
- 5.5 Strength of the lithosphere and upper mantle
- 5.5.1 Byerlee鈥檚 law as a function of pressure
- 5.5.2 Brittle-ductile behavior
- 5.5.2.1 Oceanic plates
- 5.5.2.2 Continental plates
- Review questions and discussion topics 5
- 5.1 Microphysical mechanisms for viscous creep
- 6 TRANSFER OF MOMENTUM: FLUID DYNAMICS
- 6.1 Nondimensional numbers and 铿俹w regimes
- Expanded details 15: Coriolis forces and geodynamo dynamics
- Exercise 5: Scaling analysis and nondimensional numbers
- 6.2 Steady, unidirectional 铿俹w and the 1-D Stokes equation
- Expanded details 16: Stokes (force balance) equation in 3-D
- 6.3 Shear and pressure-driven 铿俹w: Couette and Poiseuille solutions
- 6.3.1 Couette 铿俹w
- 6.3.2 Hagen-Poiseuille 铿俹w
- 6.3.3 Gravity-driven 铿俹w down a plane
- 6.4 Density-driven 铿俹w: The Stokes sinker
- 6.4.1 Stokes velocity
- 6.4.2 Rayleigh number from Stokes velocity and Peclet number
- 6.4.3 Dynamic topography of the Stokes sinker
- Expanded details 17: Role of viscosity variations for dynamic topography
- 6.5 Stream function solutions
- 6.5.1 Corner 铿俹w
- 6.5.2 Parabolic 铿俹w: Source in a uniform stream
- 6.5.3 Hale-Shaw 铿俹w and superposition
- 6.6 Thin viscous sheets and gravitational potential energy
- 6.7 Postglacial rebound and glacial isostatic adjustment
- 6.7.1 The Haskell constraint on mantle viscosity
- 6.7.1.1 Wavelength dependence of viscoelastic relaxation
- 6.7.1 The Haskell constraint on mantle viscosity
- Expanded details 18: Glacial isostatic adjustment and sea level
- Review questions and discussion topics 6
- 6.1 Nondimensional numbers and 铿俹w regimes
- 7 TRANSFER OF ENERGY: HEAT TRANSPORT
- 7.1 Conduction of heat and budgets
- 7.1.1 Heat budgets and fractionation
- 7.1.1.1 Fractionation and rare earth elements
- 7.1.1.2 Total radiogenic budget of the mantle
- 7.1.1.3 Radioactive decay and time dependence of internal heating
- 7.1.1 Heat budgets and fractionation
- 7.2 Di铿usion of heat and the conduction equation
- 7.2.1 Steady-state conduction solutions: geotherms
- 7.2.1.1 Fixed surface temperature and heat 铿倁x
- 7.2.1.2 Fixed surface and base temperatures
- 7.2.1.3 Fixed surface temperature, constant 铿倁x at base
- 7.2.1.4 Fixed surface temperature, 铿亁ed deep 铿倁x
- 7.2.1 Steady-state conduction solutions: geotherms
- 7.3 Time dependent solutions of the conduction equation
- 7.3.1 Half-space cooling (HSC)
- Expanded details 19: Half-space cooling solution by separation of variables
- Expanded details 20: Periodic heating of a semi-in铿乶ite half-space
- Exercise 6: Finite di铿erence solution of 1-D heat equation
- 7.3.2 Application of half-space cooling to the oceanic lithosphere
- 7.3.2.1 Oceanic plate bathymetry from HSC
- Exercise 7: Plate driving forces from half-space cooling
- 7.4 Convection
- 7.4.1 Instability analysis for the Rayleigh-B茅nard problem
- Expanded details 21: Linear instability analysis for Rayleigh-B茅nard convection
- 7.4.1.1 Internal heating
- 7.4.2 Earth鈥檚 mantle is convecting vigorously
- 7.4.3 Finite amplitude boundary layer model
- Expanded details 22: Modi铿乪d boundary layer models
- 7.4.3.1 Scaling laws for mantle convection
- 7.4.3.2 Layer thickness independence of heat 铿倁x in convection
- Expanded details 23: Boundary layer instability and local Rayleigh number
- 7.4.4 Nondimensional equations and the Rayleigh number
- Review questions and discussion topics 7
- 7.1 Conduction of heat and budgets
- 8 MANTLE CONVECTION
- 8.1 Numerical Rayleigh-B茅nard convection experiments
- 8.1.1 Role of internal heating
- Expanded details 24: Compressibility and viscous heating
- 8.1.1.1 Top down or bottom up?
- 8.1.2 Earth鈥檚 thermal initial condition
- 8.1.2.1 Moon-forming impact
- 8.2 Temperature and stress dependence of viscosity
- 8.2.1 Approximations of rheological descriptions
- 8.2.1.1 Partial melt parameterization
- 8.2.2 Temperature dependence and the stagnant lid
- 8.2.3 Non-Newtonian 铿俹w
- Expanded details 25: Power-law based Rayleigh numbers
- 8.2.1 Approximations of rheological descriptions
- 8.3 E铿ect of phase transitions
- 8.3.1 Kinetics, metastability, and multiminerality
- 8.4 E铿ects of 3-D spherical geometry and toroidal 铿俹w
- 8.4.1 Generation of toroidal 铿俹w
- Expanded details 26: Generation of toroidal 铿俹w
- 8.5 Plate-generating convection models
- 8.5.1 Viscoplasticity to break the stagnant lid
- 8.5.1.1 The low-yield stress problem
- 8.5.1.2 Hysteresis of heat transport state?
- 8.5.2 The role of the asthenosphere
- 8.5.3 E铿ects of continents and the supercontinental cycle
- 8.5.4 Localization and memory: Rheological hysteresis
- 8.5.1 Viscoplasticity to break the stagnant lid
- Review questions and discussion topics 8
- 8.1 Numerical Rayleigh-B茅nard convection experiments
- III Tectonics and Mantle Dynamics
- 9 GLOBAL MANTLE CIRCULATION
- 9.1 The mantle wind: Predicting mantle 铿俹w
- 9.2 Surface topography
- 9.2.1 Residual and dynamic topography
- 9.2.2 Estimates of dynamic topography
- 9.2.2.1 Fr茅chet kernels
- 9.2.3 Residual vs. dynamic surface topography
- 9.3 Time reversal of mantle convection
- 9.4 The geoid constraint on viscosity
- 9.4.1 Venus, volatile storage capacity, and geoid-topography ratios
- 9.4.2 Typical viscosity pro铿乴es and non uniqueness
- 9.5 Plate driving and crustal deformation studies
- 9.5.1 Plate driving forces
- 9.5.2 Crustal stress and lithospheric deformation
- Exercise 8: Modeling global mantle circulation with Seatree
- 9.5.3 Opportunities for model re铿乶ement
- 9.6 Seismic anisotropy as a constraint for mantle 铿俹w
- 9.6.1 Origin of upper mantle seismic anisotropy
- 9.6.2 Development of CPO anisotropy in upper mantle 铿俹w
- 9.6.2.1 Mechanical anisotropy
- 9.6.2.2 Absolute plate motion and net rotations
- 9.6.2.3 Memory of deformation
- Review questions and discussion topics 9
- 10 DIVERGENT MOTIONS AND CREATION OF THE LITHOSPHERE
- 10.1 The role of plumes in mantle convection
- 10.1.1 Hotspots and plumes
- 10.1.2 Large igneous provinces
- 10.1.3 Plumes and the evolution of tectonics
- 10.1.4 Hotspot swells and plume heat transport
- 10.1.5 Hotspot reference frames and moving plumes
- 10.1.6 Thermal anomaly underneath hotspots and imaging plumes
- 10.1.7 Hotspots as probes of deep mantle reservoirs
- 10.1.7.1 Mixing of chemical heterogeneity in convection
- 10.1.7.2 Origin and geometry of geochemical reservoirs
- 10.1.8 Flood basalts and mass extinctions
- 10.2 Rifting: Breaking continents apart
- 10.2.1 Anatomy of a rift zone
- 10.2.2 Style and mechanics of rifting
- 10.2.3 Dynamics of rifting
- 10.2.4 The East African rift (EAR)
- 10.2.5 The Basin and Range
- 10.3 Oceanic spreading: Generating lithosphere
- 10.3.1 Structure of the oceanic crust
- 10.3.2 Slow to fast spreading and melt generation
- 10.3.3 Hydrothermal circulation
- 10.3.4 Partial melting
- 10.3.4.1 Two-phase 铿俹w
- 10.3.4.2 Melt parameterizations
- 10.3.5 Deviations from half-space cooling at old ages
- 10.3.5.1 Plate model
- 10.3.5.2 Chablis model
- 10.3.5.3 Physical processes for deviations from HSC
- 10.3.5.4 Regional deviations from HSC and reheating
- 10.4 Plates as thermochemical boundary layers
- 10.4.1 Compositional density anomalies in the oceanic lithosphere
- 10.4.2 The continental tectosphere
- 10.4.2.1 Continental keels
- 10.4.2.2 Midlithospheric discontinuities
- Review questions and discussion topics 10
- 10.1 The role of plumes in mantle convection
- 11 LATERAL MOTION OF THE LITHOSPHERE: STRIKE SLIP
- 11.1 Introduction
- 11.1.1 Hazard and risk
- 11.2 Anatomy of a strike-slip fault zone
- 11.3 Tectonic context of strike-slip systems
- 11.3.1 Oceanic transforms
- 11.3.1.1 Origin of oceanic transform faults
- 11.3.2 Continental transforms
- 11.3.2.1 Strike slip in collisional settings
- 11.3.2.2 Tibetan collision
- 11.3.2.3 Anatolian system
- 11.3.3 Strike-slip systems in an active subduction setting
- 11.3.1 Oceanic transforms
- 11.4 Continental transforms and earthquake dynamics
- 11.4.1 Strain localization underneath faults
- 11.4.2 Seismic hazard assessment and fault systems
- 11.4.2.1 Time-dependent hazard estimates
- 11.4.2.2 Constant fault geometry seismicity dynamics
- 11.4.2.3 Fault system evolution
- 11.4.3 O铿-fault deformation
- Review questions and discussion topics 11
- 11.1 Introduction
- 12 RECYCLING THE LITHOSPHERE: SUBDUCTION
- 12.1 Introduction
- 12.2 Anatomy of a subduction zone
- 12.3 Trench-forearc and sedimentary systems
- 12.4 Temperature, magmatism, and metamorphism
- 12.4.1 Thermal parameter and shear heating
- 12.4.2 Volatile 铿倁xes
- 12.4.3 Petrological constraints
- 12.5 Arc volcanism
- 12.5.1 Slab-associated, o铿-arc volcanism
- 12.6 Back-arc systems
- 12.7 Slab and trench kinematics: Rollback
- 12.8 Flat slabs
- 12.9 Slab dynamics from force balance considerations
- 12.9.1 Viscous force balance
- 12.9.1.1 E铿ective strength of the subducting lithosphere
- 12.9.1 Viscous force balance
- 12.10 Subduction zone seismicity
- 12.10.1 The megathrust interface
- 12.10.1.1 Megathrust deformation cycles
- 12.10.1.2 The spectrum of fault slip
- 12.10.1.3 Megathrust evolution and tectonics
- 12.10.2 Bulk deep slab deformation from moment release rates and style
- 12.10.3 Deep earthquake mechanisms
- 12.10.1 The megathrust interface
- 12.11 Tectonics and dynamics of subduction evolution
- 12.11.1 Subduction initiation
- 12.11.2 Subduction systems of the Paci铿乧
- 12.11.2.1 The motion of the Paci铿乧 and back-arc extension
- 12.11.2.2 Izu-Bonin Mariana and slab-slab interactions
- 12.11.2.3 Double slab systems
- 12.11.3 Slab rollback in the Mediterranean
- 12.12 Slab transport through the transition zone
- 12.12.1 Controls on regional slab and transition zone dynamics
- 12.12.2 Surface geology record of slab penetration
- Review questions and discussion topics 12
- 13 OROGENY: MAKING MOUNTAINS
- 13.1 Introduction
- 13.2 Anatomy of orogenic belts
- 13.3 The kinematics of mountain building
- 13.4 Mechanics of mountain building
- 13.5 The elevation of mountain belts
- 13.5.1 Wedge dynamics
- 13.5.1.1 Critical taper and Coulomb wedge theory
- Expanded details 27: Coulomb wedge equations
- 13.5.1 Wedge dynamics
- 13.6 Tectonics, climate, and erosion
- 13.6.1 What is uplifting relative to what?
- 13.6.2 Uplift rates and surface transport
- Expanded details 28: Stream power and surface transport laws
- 13.6.3 Fingerprinting topography
- 13.7 Exhumation of deep-seated rock units
- 13.8 Dynamics of mountain building
- 13.9 Regional case histories
- 13.9.1 Cordilleran orogeny: The Andes
- 13.9.2 Accretionary orogeny: The Mediterranean
- 13.9.3 Collisional orogeny: Himalaya-Tibet
- 13.10 Orogeny, the Wilson cycle, and supercontinental assembly
- Review questions and discussion topics 13
- 14 PLATE TECTONICS AND PLANETARY EVOLUTION
- 14.1 Onset of plate tectonics
- 14.2 Di铿erent modes of early Earth heat transport
- 14.3 Parameterized thermal and volatile evolution models
- 14.4 Plate tectonics on other planets
- 14.4.1 Should exoplanets have plate tectonics?
- OUTLOOK
- IV Appendixes
- A REFERENCE DATA AND ADDITIONAL FIGURES
- A.1 Important constants and typical parameter values
- A.2 Geological timescale and magnetic reversals
- A.3 Phase diagrams
- A.4 Gravitational potentials for terrestrial planets
- A.4.1 Comparison to Venus and Mars: Aphroditoid and areoid
- A.5 Plate geometry, names, and motion statistics
- B ADDITIONAL TOPICS IN CONTINUUM MECHANICS
- B.1 General conservation laws: One law to derive them all
- B.2 Strain compatibility equations
- B.3 Finite strain
- B.4 Relationship between moment tensors and fault plane solutions
- B.5 Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities
- C MATH AND STATISTICS NOTES
- C.1 Useful conventions and basic mathematical functions
- C.1.1 Scienti铿乧 notation, unit pre铿亁es, and messing with exponents
- C.1.2 Logarithms
- C.1.3 Oscillations and trigonometric (or harmonic) functions
- C.1.3.1 Hyperbolic functions
- C.1.4 Complex numbers and trigonometric functions
- C.1.4.1 Quadratic equation
- C.2 Calculus concepts
- C.2.1 Full and partial derivatives
- C.2.2 Taking derivatives
- C.2.3 Series approximations
- C.2.4 Integrals
- C.2.5 Singularities
- C.1 Useful conventions and basic mathematical functions
- C.3 Linear algebra
- C.3.1 Vectors
- C.3.1.1 Norms
- C.3.2 Matrices
- C.3.2.1 Operations on matrices
- C.3.3 Adding and multiplying vectors and matrices
- C.3.3.1 Addition
- C.3.3.2 Dot vector product, 未ij, and 饾渶ijk
- C.3.3.3 Cross vector product
- C.3.3.4 Dyadic vector product
- C.3.3.5 Multiplication of a matrix with a scalar
- C.3.3.6 Multiplication of a matrix with a vector
- C.3.3.7 Multiplication of two matrices
- C.3.3.8 Inner product of two tensors
- C.3.4 Matrix 铿俛vors and additional operations
- C.3.4.1 Identity matrix
- C.3.4.2 Matrix inverse
- C.3.4.3 Orthogonal or rotation matrices
- C.3.4.4 Euler angles and rotation matrices
- C.3.4.5 Matrix decomposition
- C.3.4.6 Eigenvalues and eigenvectors
- C.3.4.7 Linear inverse problems
- C.3.1 Vectors
- C.4 Coordinate systems and spherical trigonometry
- C.4.1 Cartesian and spherical coordinate systems
- C.4.2 Useful formulas for spherical trigonometry
- C.5 Vector calculus: Divergence, curl, and tensors
- C.5.1 The Gauss and Stokes theorems
- C.5.2 Tensors
- C.5.2.1 The wedge operator
- C.6 Spectral analysis
- C.6.1 Fourier series
- C.6.2 Spherical harmonics
- C.6.2.1 Helmholtz decomposition of vector 铿乪lds
- C.7 Simple statistics and curve 铿乼ting
- C.7.1 Means, variance, and standard deviation
- C.7.2 Distributions and moments
- C.7.3 Linear regression
- C.7.4 Correlation
- C.7.5 Estimates of uncertainties
- Bibliography
- Acronyms
- Index
“Becker and Faccenna offer an ambitious and comprehensive text that integrates an expansive summary of state-of-the-art geodynamical theory and modeling with a modern survey of geological and geophysical observations. This book will be of enormous value to students of geophysics and geology alike and could easily fuel multiple courses and years of study.”—David Bercovici, author of The Origins of Everything in 100 Pages (More or Less)
“This book provides a much-needed integrative view of tectonics and geodynamics that is modern and highly interdisciplinary. Tectonic Geodynamics is at the heart of understanding Earth’s evolving structure, ranging from mantle convection and the movement of plates to the seismic hazards that impact society. While intended for the classroom, this is one of those books that most geoscientists will want on their shelf. The appendixes are a treasure!”—Roland B眉rgmann, University of California, Berkeley
“Masterfully developing the fundamental concept that mantle geodynamics drives tectonics into an integrated worldview, this comprehensive text builds from first principles to explore in depth the ways in which dynamic processes in the mantle are manifested in tectonic processes across the planet.”—Sean Willett, ETH Zurich
“Becker and Faccenna teach us the fundamentals of tectonics and mantle dynamics, intuitively employing continuum mechanics and linear algebra. Tectonic Geodynamics is modern and comprehensive in a way that few other books are, using examples from recent research advances and giving a good balance of both fundamentals and applications.”—Clint Conrad, University of Oslo
“Tectonic Geodynamics gives a very comprehensive and complete presentation of the state of the art of our knowledge of geodynamics and tectonics of Earth, including observations, experimental constrains, theory, and numerical models. No other textbook in the field has such a broad combination of approaches.”—Taras Gerya, author of Introduction to Numerical Geodynamic Modelling